What_ is_ tissue culture ?

 What is tissue culture ?

Tissue culture is the process in which developing a complete plant from a part of a plant. The plant of  part is called an explant.

The Explants can be grown in the following   sterile situation  in special nutrient media to regenerate complete the plants.

The Nutrient media contain a carbon source such as sucrose, organic salts, vitamins, amino acids and phytohormones.

so, propagation is achieved for a large number of plants Within a short  duration. This process is commonly known as  micropropagation.

 All the plants achieved  by the  tissue culture are called soma clones since, they are genetically identical to each other as well as their parent plant.

Somatic hybridization:

  This  refers to the hybridization of the somatic parts of two plants. Protoplasts are isolated and fused to each other and  get a hybrid protoplast, which grows further to form a new plant. This new plant is commonly  called a somatic hybrid.

for instance , protoplasts of potato and tomato have been actually fused to form a Pomato, but this plant is not commercially live able.

Application of  tissue culture :

Many important plants like apple, banana and tomato have been grown on laboratory by using this scale  method.

This method to used to recover a healthy plant from a diseased plant. for Example − a plant infected  with virus may not have virus in its apical and axillary meristems.  this parts can be cultured to obtain a healthiest  plant..